Plagiarism

The originality of submitted manuscripts is the primary responsibility of the authors. Authors must ensure that their work is entirely original and that any use of others’ ideas, words, data, figures, tables, or other materials is properly cited. Plagiarism in any form—including self-plagiarism, duplicate publication, and the unattributed reuse of previously published content—is strictly prohibited and constitutes a serious breach of scientific and publication ethics.

Plagiarism includes, but is not limited to, verbatim or near-verbatim copying of text without appropriate citation or quotation, deliberate paraphrasing of another author’s work without proper acknowledgment, and the reuse of equations, figures, tables, or other materials from previously published sources without suitable citation and, where required, permission from the copyright holder. Such practices may also violate copyright law and may result in legal consequences.

All manuscripts submitted to Transactions on Electromagnetic Spectrum are screened for originality using the CrossCheck (iThenticate) plagiarism detection system. Manuscripts that demonstrate clear evidence of plagiarism will be automatically rejected. If plagiarism is identified after publication, the article will be retracted in accordance with the journal’s Retraction Policy. Authors are strongly encouraged to use plagiarism detection tools, such as iThenticate, to check their manuscripts prior to submission.

If authors discover a significant error or inaccuracy in their own published work, they have an ethical obligation to promptly notify the Editor-in-Chief or the publisher and to cooperate fully in the correction or retraction of the article, as appropriate. The purpose of corrections or retractions is to preserve the accuracy and integrity of the scholarly record, not to penalize authors.

By submitting a manuscript to Transactions on Electromagnetic Spectrum, authors confirm that they have read, understood, and agreed to comply with the journal’s Editorial Policies, publication ethics, and ethical standards.