Ethical Principles and Publication Policy

Publication Ethics

The publication process at Transactions on Electromagnetic Spectrum (TES Journal) is the basis of the improvement and dissemination of information objectively and respectfully. Therefore, the procedures in this process improve the quality of the studies. Peer-reviewed studies are those that support and validate the scientific method. At this point, it is of utmost importance that all parties involved in the publication process (authors, readers, researchers, publishers, reviewers, and editors) comply with the standards of ethical considerations. TES Journal expects all parties to hold the following ethical responsibilities.

The following ethical duties and responsibilities are written in light of the guide and policies made by the Committee on Publication Ethics (COPE).

Ethical responsibilities of editors Ethical responsibilities of authors Ethical responsibilities of reviewers Ethical responsibilities of publisher Peer review Plagiarism Open access policy

Copyright Procedures for dealing with unethical behavior Retraction policy Archiving and Repository policy Disclaimer

Ethical Responsibilities of Editors ▲

The editor and field editors of TES Journal should hold the following ethical responsibilities that are based on the guides "COPE Code of Conduct and Best Practice Guidelines for Journal Editors" and "COPE Best Practice Guidelines for Journal Editors" published as open Access by Committee on Publication Ethics (COPE).

General duties and responsibilities

Editors are responsible for each study published in TES Journal. In this respect, the editors have the following roles and responsibilities:

--- Making efforts to meet the demand for knowledge from readers and authors,

--- Ensuring the continuous development of the journal,

--- Managing the procedures aimed to improve the quality of the studies published in the journal,

--- Supporting freedom of expression,

--- Ensuring academic integrity,

--- Following the procedures without making concessions on intellectual property rights and ethical standards,

--- Being transparent and clear in issues that require correction or explanation.

Relationships with Readers

Editors must make decisions taking into consideration the knowledge, skills and expectations of all readers, researchers and practitioners need. They must also ensure that the published studies contribute to literature and be original. Moreover, they must take notice of the feedback received from researchers and practitioners and provide explanatory and informative feedback.

Relationships with Authors

Editors have the following duties and responsibilities in their relations with authors:

--- Editors must make positive or negative decisions about the studies' importance, originality, validity, clarity in wording and suitability with the journal's aims and objectives.

--- Editors must accept the studies that are within the scope of publication into pre review process unless there are serious problems with the study.

--- Editors must not ignore positive suggestions made by reviewers unless there are serious problems with the study.

--- New editors, unless there are serious issues, must not change the previous editor's decisions about the studies.

--- "Blind Review and Review Process" must be published and editors must prevent possible diversions in the defined processes.

--- Authors should be provided with explanatory and informative feedback.

Relationships with Reviewers

Editors have the following duties and responsibilities in their relations with reviewers:

Editors must

--- Choose reviewers according to the subject of the study.

--- Provide the information and guidance reviewers may need during the review process.

--- Observe whether there are conflicting interests between reviewers and authors.

--- Keep the identities of reviewers confidential in blind review.

--- Encourage the reviewers to review the manuscript in an unbiased, scientific and objective tone.

--- Develop practices and policies that increase the performance of reviewers.

--- Take necessary steps to update the reviewer pool dynamically.

--- Prevent unkind and unscientific reviews.

--- Make an effort to ensure the reviewer pool has a wide range.

Relationships with the Editorial Board

Editors must make sure that the members of the editorial board follow the procedures in accordance with the publication policies and guidelines, and must inform the members about the publication policies and developments. Moreover, editors must

--- Ensure that the members of the editorial board review the manuscripts in an unbiased and independent manner.

--- Select the new members of the editorial board from those who can contribute to the journal and are qualified enough.

--- Send manuscripts for review based on the subject of expertise of the editorial board members.

--- Regularly communicate with the editorial board. Arrange regular meetings with the editorial board for the development of publication policies and the journal.

Relationships with the Journal's Owner and Publisher

The relationship between the editors and publisher is based on the principle of the independency of editors. All the decisions made by the editors are independent of the publisher and the owner of the journal as required by the agreement made between editors and publisher.

Editorial and Blind Review Processes

Editors are obliged to comply with the policies of "Blind Review and Review Process" stated in the journal's publication policies. Therefore, the editors ensure that each manuscript is reviewed in an unbiased, fair and timely manner.

Quality Assurance

Editors must make sure that articles in the journal are published in accordance with the publication policies of the journal and international standards.

Protection of Personal Information

Editors are supposed to protect the personal information related with the subjects or visuals in the studies being reviewed, and to reject the study if there is no documentation of the subjects' consent. Furthermore, editors are supposed to protect the personal information of the authors, reviewers and readers.

Encouraging Ethical Rules and Protection of Human, Animal or Hazards Rights

Editors are supposed to protect human and animal rights in the studies being reviewed and must reject the experimental studies which do not have ethical and related committee’s approval about the population given in such studies.

Editors will review the submitted manuscripts on animal well-being issues, and the manuscript is likely to be rejected if the research is deemed to violate accepted standards for employing both animal and human subjects. Additionally, Editors retain the right to get in touch with the approving committee for any additional explanation. All experiments involving animals must adhere to the ARRIVE guidelines.

Please be aware that researchers have a moral responsibility to treat humans and animals with compassion and to take into account their needs when planning projects. This obligation extends to both animal and human subjects. In addition, the author must clearly identify in the paper any exceptional hazards associated with the use of any chemicals, methods, or equipment used in the work.

The author should make sure the paper contains a statement that all procedures were carried out according to with applicable laws and institutional policies and that the appropriate institutional committee(s) have approved them if the work involves the use of human or animal subjects. Informed consent for experiments involving human participants should be given by the authors in their paper. Human subjects' privacy must always be respected. The Code of Ethics of the World Medical Association (Declaration of Helsinki) for research involving humans should have been followed, as stated by the author, when using human subjects.

Precautions against possible Abuse and Malpractice

Editors are supposed to take precautions against possible abuse and malpractice. They must conduct investigations meticulously and objectively in determining and evaluating complaints about such situations. They must also share the results of the investigation.

Ensuring Academic Integrity

Editors must make sure that the mistakes, inconsistencies or misdirections in studies are corrected quickly.

Protection of Intellectual Property Rights

Editors are responsible for protecting the intellectual property rights of all the articles published in the journal and the rights of the journal and author(s) in cases where these rights are violated. Also, editors must take the necessary precautions in order to prevent the content of all published articles from violating the intellectual property rights of other publications.

Constructiveness and Openness to Discussion

Editors must

--- Pay attention to the convincing criticism about studies published in the journal and must have a constructive attitude towards such criticism.

--- Grant the right of reply to the author(s) of the criticized study.

--- Not ignore or exclude the study that include negative results.

Complaints
Editors must examine the complaints from authors, reviewers or readers and respond to them in an explanatory and enlightening manner.

Political and Economic Apprehensions

Neither the owner of the journal, publisher or any other political or economical factor can influence the independent decision taking of the editors.

Conflicting Interests

Editors, acknowledging that there may be conflicting interests between reviewers and other editors, guarantee that the publication process of the manuscripts will be completed in an independent and unbiased manner.

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Ethical Responsibilities of Reviewers ▲

Reviewers who evaluate manuscripts submitted to TES Journal are expected to comply with the following ethical responsibilities, as outlined in the Guide for Reviewers.

Please see also the Peer-Review Process.

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Ethical Responsibilities of Publisher ▲

The Editors and the Editorial Board of TES Journal are conscious of the fact that they must observe the ethical responsibilities below and act accordingly:

--- Editors are responsible for all the processes that the manuscripts submitted to TES Journal will go through. Within this framework, ignoring the economic or political interests, the decision-makers are the editors.

--- The publisher undertakes to have an independent editorial decision made.

--- The originality of the manuscript submitted is the responsibility of the publisher. Submission, plagiarism, and self-plagiarism must be avoided by writers. Manuscript submission in the CrossCheck server (http:/www.ithenticate.com/) will be checked for plagiarism. iThenticate is a system that tests the originality of the submitted material and helps detect plagiarism. Authors can also use iThenticate to display their own credentials prior to submission.

--- The publisher protects the intellectual property rights of all the articles published in TES Journal and holds the responsibility to keep a record of each unpublished article.

--- The publisher bears all the responsibility to take the precautions against scientific abuse, fraud and plagiarism.

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Procedures for dealing with unethical behavior ▲

Anyone may inform the editors and/or Editorial Staff at any time of suspected unethical behaviour or any type of misconduct by giving the necessary information/evidence to start an investigation.

Investigation

--- Editor-in-Chief will consult with the Editorial Board on decisions regarding the initiation of an investigation.

--- During an investigation, any evidence should be treated as strictly confidential and only made available to those strictly involved in investigating.

--- The accused will always be given the chance to respond to any charges made against them.

--- If it is judged at the end of the investigation that misconduct has occurred, then it will be classified as either minor or serious.

Minor misconduct

Minor misconduct will be dealt directly with those involved without involving any other parties, e.g.:

--- Communicating to authors/reviewers whenever a minor issue involving misunderstanding or misapplication of academic standards has occurred.

--- A warning letter to an author or reviewer regarding fairly minor misconduct.

Major misconduct

The Editor-in-Chief, in consultation with the Editorial Board should make any decision regarding the course of action to be taken using the evidence available. The possible outcomes are as follows (these can be used separately or jointly):

--- Publication of a formal announcement or editorial describing the misconduct.

--- Informing the author's (or reviewer's) head of department or employer of any misconduct by means of a formal letter.

--- The formal, announced retraction of publications from the journal in accordance with the Retraction Policy (see below).

--- A ban on submissions from an individual for a defined period.

--- Referring a case to a professional organization or legal authority for further investigation and action.

When dealing with unethical behaviour, the Editorial Staff will rely on the guidelines and recommendations provided by the Committee on Publication Ethics, (COPE).

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Retraction policy ▲

Legal limitations of the publisher, copyright holder or author(s), infringements of professional ethical codes, such as multiple submissions, bogus claims of authorship, plagiarism, fraudulent use of data or any major misconduct require retraction of an article. Occasionally a retraction can be used to correct errors in submission or publication. The main reason for withdrawal or retraction is to correct the mistake while preserving the integrity of science; it is not to punish the author.

Standards for dealing with retractions have been developed by a number of library and scholarly bodies, and this practice has been adopted for article retraction by Serbian Journal of Electrical engineering: in the electronic version of the retraction note, a link is made to the original article. In the electronic version of the original article, a link is made to the retraction note where it is clearly stated that the article has been retracted. The original article is retained unchanged, save for a watermark on the PDF indicating on each page that it is “retracted.”

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Archiving  and Repository Policy ▲

Archiving Policy

Transactions on Electromagnetic Spectrum participates in the CLOCKSS archiving system to ensure the long-term digital preservation and permanent accessibility of its published content.

Detailed information about the journal’s participation in CLOCKSS is available at the TES Journal CLOCKSS page.

Repository Policy

Transactions on Electromagnetic Spectrum allows authors to deposit the publisher’s final version (PDF) of their articles in institutional repositories, subject-based repositories, and on authors’ personal or departmental websites, as well as on other non-commercial online platforms, at any time after publication.

Self-archiving is permitted under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International (CC BY 4.0) license, which allows use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided that the original work is properly cited.

Authors must include full bibliographic information (authors’ names, article title, journal title, volume, issue, and page numbers) and provide a direct link to the article’s DOI.

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Disclaimer ▲

The views expressed in the published works do not express the views of the Editor-in-Chief and Editorial Staff. The authors take legal and moral responsibility for the ideas expressed in the articles. Publisher shall have no liability in the event of issuance of any claims for damages. The Publisher will not be held legally responsible should there be any claims for compensation.